Spiritual books, The Metaphysics of Aristotle

When referring to spiritual books, it is obligatory to go through the work of the great Greek philosopher Arist teles. The work done by the teacher was very extensive, but unfortunately a great deal of his metaphysical treatises have been lost. It is necessary to talk about Arist teles for his great contribution to science and particularly to philosophy and metaphysics, which is of great interest for lovers of spiritual books.

The Life of Arist teles.

He was born in Macedonia, in the town of Esteria, in 384 BC. He is considered the greatest Greek philosopher that has ever existed . It should be noted that he was a disciple of Plato and therefore his spiritual books show certain traits similar to those of him, but they distance themselves until they reach a time that does not agree with his ideas, that It was one of the reasons he founded his own school. He was also the teacher of Alegrando Magno.

The Work of Arist teles.

It can be divided into three stages:

1. The first is when he is in the academy, he has a lot of Plato influence. Write about the soul and its immortality, in addition to the theory of ideas.
2. In the second stage he writes the books of Metaphysics, Cosmology, of these treaties there are very few. Aristotle was in the city of Assos.
3. In the third and final stage of his life he wrote treatises of logic, of being something and of "Being." It is located in the Lyceum. It is at this time when Aristotle was more prolific with his work. A disciple of him, Andromic of Rhodes was responsible for collecting the works, managing to save several treaties and was ordering them, giving them the name of metaphysics, it is the first time that term is used.

Spiritual books - Metaphysics.

Aristotle calls metaphysics first philosophy or wisdom . His rationing leads him to create the empirical, the experience in what you do is the only thing that leads to knowledge. In his first treatises on metaphysics, the subject of nature and changes takes on great importance, focusing on essence and "Being." The essence of a thing is what it is, and does not accept levels, is or is not. The "First Substance" is the one that identifies the individual and there is a "Universal Substance" that relates it to others.

The individual is formed by body and soul complementing each other, he considers that there are three types of soul: the rational Soul that humans possess, has the power to discern; the sensitive Soul that animals have, is common in all living beings and the vegetative Soul that plants have. Man has all three types of souls and acts in a specific way according to the soul that dominates him at that moment. The influence of theology can be observed in these first treatises. In the first book of Aristotle's Metaphysics, he touches the philosophies of his predecessors and makes a comparison with his own writings on that subject.

The hilarmórfica theory of Aristotle analyzes the Form, considering that everything that exists has Matter and that all Matter has Form by which both cannot exist separately, this compound is the soul and the soul is eternal . We all have the need to know, throughout our life we ​​are acquiring knowledge, that need ends by having wisdom, recognizing the causes and principles of Being. Aristotle in this quest for wisdom launches his Four Causes Theory.

• Formal cause : the one that defines what an object is and differentiates it from others.
• Final cause: it is the purpose or meaning that leads the individual to an end.
• Material cause : it is the condition that makes it possible to do what has not been achieved according to the substances that are made.
• Efficient cause : what drives or creates the reaction generated by the movement, achieving the transformation.

Although Aristotle never used the word metaphysics in his spiritual books, he was one of the first to consider the existence of the soul in human beings and it was through his treatises that this terminology was created . I also talk about awareness and knowledge with solid foundations that he supported with his studies on science.

Download the book of Aristotle's Metaphysics and enjoy the first steps of man in the knowledge of metaphysics.

AUTHOR: Antonio, editor of the great family of hermandadblanca.org